Vitamins: Introduction
Among the important nutrients that are needed in food, the place of vitamins is prominent because if the body does not have an adequate supply of vitamins through food, then it affects the structural and functional system of the whole body. Many mental, physical, anatomical and functional diseases are also born due to deficiency or excess of vitamins. Therefore, it is necessary for all individuals to have accurate and complete information about vitamins. Therefore, in this post, we have highlighted the general information about vitamins and their types and many important things and in the next posts, I will provide detailed information about each vitamin. So let’s first understand the Classification and types of Vitamins.
Precious Word: Take care of your health. If you have health then thank God and understand its importance. Health is a gift of nature to these mortal beings, which can never be bought with money.
What are Vitamins
Vitamins are neither food in themselves, nor a source of heat and energy; Rather, vitamins are those important nutritional factors found in food, which help the body’s mental, physical, creative, and functional systems or biological activities to function smoothly, and in the absence of these, the body cannot develop properly. Is. Vitamins are chemical and organic substances obtained from various foods.
Vitamins are powerful chemical compounds that are found only in very small amounts in natural foods and are essentially required in very small amounts by the body. By the way, some vitamins are definitely present in different foods.
History of Vitamins
According to today’s science books, the existence of effective vitamins in foods was first discovered by British sailors in the early 18th century. At that time some people would get sick while traveling by sea, especially their gums started bleeding and the muscles of the body became weak and some died due to heart failure. When confronted with this problem, the famous ship captain “Cook”, with his wisdom, cured this serious symptom by consuming only fresh fruits and vegetables and lemon juice, but he did not know anything about the vitamins found in them. Could not
In the 19th century, around 1880, another similar disease ‘beriberi’ reappeared in sailors. In this disease, some nerves of the body used to swell and the muscles became paralyzed. When faced with this problem, the famous Japanese ship captain “Admiral Takai” also dissected or cured this disease by consuming only bran grains, peeled pulses, fruits, etc.’Hopkins‘ and ‘Funk‘ were the first to use the term ‘vitamin’.
The first vitamin was discovered by “N I Lunin” in 1881.
The earliest known vitamin is Vitamin B1 (Thiamine).
Main sources of Vitamins
Vitamins are often found naturally in green vegetables, fruits, sprouted grains, milk, etc., but now in the modern era, artificial vitamin supplements are also available. No matter what, the properties of natural vitamins are better and harmless than artificial vitamins.
Boiling natural foods and cooking them on high flame destroys the vitamins present in them. Similarly, high amounts of vitamins are found in the skins of grains (such as wheat, tur, gram, moong, etc.), and if these grains are used as food after removing the skin, they often get very little vitamin. Vitamins are very low in meat, or it can be said that the body does not supply vitamins due to meat consumption.
Foods that are kept sealed in cans or vials, those foods do not contain vitamins at all. Those foods only provide taste to the tongue, not nutrition.
Types of Vitamins or Classification of Vitamins
On the basis of solubility in water and fat, vitamins are divided into two parts-
1. Fat Soluble Vitamins
2. Water Soluble Vitamins
1. Fat Soluble Vitamins
These vitamins are soluble in fats and oils and are found in foods containing fats and oils (eg: ghee, nuts, etc.). Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and in the adipose tissue found under the skin so that the body can use them from time to time as needed.
Vitamin A (Retinol, Antixerophthalmic Acid), Vitamin D (Calciferol, Sunlight Vitamin), Vitamin E (Tocopherol), and Vitamin K (Naphthoquinone) are fat-soluble vitamins.
2. Water Soluble Vitamins
These vitamins are water-soluble and are mainly found in highly watery and juicy natural foods (eg: lemon, orange, pomegranate, etc.). These vitamins are insoluble in fats and oils so they are not stored in the body. For good health, water-soluble vitamins must be included in the diet regularly, as they continue to be excreted from the body with urine.
Vitamin B complex (Vitamin B1 or F (Thiamine), Vitamin B2 or G, (Riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (Pantothenic acid), Vitamin B5 (Nicotinic acid or Niacin), Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine), Vitamin H (Biotin or B7) Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin), Folic acid (B11), Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin), and Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) are water-soluble vitamins.
Vitamins Classification Table
| Type | General Name | Chemical Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Fat-Soluble Vitamins | Vitamin A | Retinol, Antixerophthalmic Acid |
| Vitamin D | Calciferol, Sunlight Vitamins | |
| Vitamin E | Tocopherol, Fertility Vitamin | |
| Vitamin K | Naphthoquinone, Antiheamorrhagic Vitamin | |
| 2. Water-soluble Vitamins | Vitamin B1 or F | Thiamine |
| Vitamin B2 or G | Riboflavin | |
| Vitamin B3 | Pantothenic acid | |
| Vitamin B5 | Nicotinic acid, Niacin | |
| Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine | |
| Vitamin B7 or (H) | Biotin | |
| Vitamin B11 | Folic acid | |
| Vitamin B12 | Cyanocobalamin | |
| Vitamin C | Ascorbic acid |
Water-soluble vitamins other than Vitamin B12 are not stored in the body.
Apart from the two vitamins, none of the vitamins are manufactured in the human body, and vitamins that are not manufactured in the human body are supplied by plants and plant products. Those two vitamins are vitamin B12 and vitamin K. Vitamin B12, and vitamin K are continuously made in the intestine of the human body by the beneficial bacteria of the intestine.
Important FAQ
1. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of vitamins?
Ans: Deficiency of vitamins causes deficiency disease.
2. What are Vitamins or Definitions of Vitamins?
Ans: Vitamins are those organic and chemical substances that are essential in our diet to carry out specific biological activities in our body, which help in maintaining optimum growth and health of our body or organism.
3. Who first used the word ‘Vitamin’?
Ans: ‘Funk’ and ‘Hopkins’ first used the word ‘Vitamin’.
4. Who discovered the first vitamin and when?
Ans: The first vitamin was discovered by “N I Lunin” in the year 1881.
5. Which is the first known vitamin?
Ans: The first known vitamin is Vitamin B1 (Thiamine).
6. How many types of vitamins are there?
Ans: There are two types of vitamins:
1. Fat-soluble vitamins
2. Fater-soluble vitamins
7. How many types of fat-soluble vitamins are there?
Ans: There are four types of fat-soluble vitamins – Vitamin A (Retinol or Antixerophthalmic Acid), Vitamin D (Calciferol, Sunlight Vitamins), and Vitamin E (Tocopherol), Vitamin K (Naphthoquinone).
8. How many types of water-soluble vitamins are there?
Ans: There are 9 types of water-soluble vitamins – Vitamin B1 or F (Thiamine), Vitamin B2 or G, (Riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (Pantothenic acid), Vitamin B5 (Nicotinic acid or Niacin), Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine). Vitamin H (biotin or B7), folic acid (B11), Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), and Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) are water-soluble vitamins.
9. Which vitamins are produced in the human body?
Ans: Vitamin B12 and Vitamin K are manufactured in the human body. Vitamin B12 and vitamin K are continuously made in the intestine of the human body by the beneficial bacteria of the intestine.
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