SCO Summit 2022:
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) 2022 summit was held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan from 15 to 16 September 2022. President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev chaired the 22nd SCO summit in Samarkand.
This is the first individual summit after the SCO summit held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan in the year 2019. The SCO summit was postponed for the last two years due to COVID-19.
Mongolia, Belarus, Iran and Afghanistan participated in the SCO Summit 2022 as observer nations this year.
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Turkey participated in the summit as dialogue partners.
The SCO has decided to sign a memorandum of understanding with Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Qatar to designate them as dialogue partners.
The leaders of the SCO member states signed the Samarkand Declaration at the meeting of the Council of Heads of State. The declaration stated that India would lead the SCO for the next term (2023).
PM Modi's participation in SCO:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi argued for greater connectivity and momentary authority in the Eurasian region. He emphasized the need for better infrastructure and free movement of people from South Asia to Central Asia. Thus argued for visa-free regime in SCO member countries.
India's bilateral meetings:
India-Russia talks: Prime Minister Narendra Modi pressed for an early end to the conflict, saying "today's era is not of war" during a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Uzbekistan.
India-Turkey Dialogue: The India-Turkey leaders reviewed bilateral relations and appreciated the recent gains in bilateral dealings. They also exchanged views on regional and global developments. India has had strained relations with Turkey's criticism over the Kashmir issue.
India-Iran Dialogue: The two countries discussed connectivity and energy cooperation through Chabahar. But he did not confirm whether India intended to restore oil imports, which were canceled in 2018-19 due to the threat of US sanctions.
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